Time urgency | Multitasking | Polychronicity |
-Time awareness -List making -Deadline control -Scheduling | -Simple tasks that require fast switching -Length of time is context-specific, but generally regarded as sixty minutes or fewer | -Prefer completing several activities at the same time -Relationship-oriented -Tolerate interruptions -Less regard for time constraints -Elaborate information networks |
Time perspective | ||
Past | Present | Future |
Recall past situations with memories of associated costs and benefits. A focus on the past affects interpretation of current decisions; top-down decision making | Focus on an individual situation, its intensity, and social aspects in order to decide on a course of action; bottom-up decision making | Anticipate and develop expectations about the future and makes decisions about present actions based on the potential cost and reward; top-down decision making |
Balanced time perspective | ||
An idealized mental framework allowing individuals to switch between time perspective frames depending on situational demands, resources available, personal, and social appraisals; a compromise among the representations of past experiences, present desires, and future consequences; related to emotional intelligence |