Period 1 Baseline | Period 2 Individual skill training | Period 3 Local champions | P value | Period 1 vs 2 | Period 1 vs 3 | Period 2 vs 3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
01.09.15–31.08.16 | 01.09.16–30.09.17 | 01.10.17–31.08.18 | |||||
Births (n) | 3572 | 4003 | 2906 | ||||
Newborn characteristics | |||||||
Gestational age (week) | 38.8 ±1.9 | 38.7 ±1.9 | 38.6 ±2.0 | 0.003a | 0.620b | 0.001b | 0.005b |
Preterm | 2.9 (103) | 3.8 (151) | 4.1 (118) | 0.024c | 0.032cd | 0.009c | 0.540c |
Birth weight (gram) | 3302.4 ±523.6 | 3357.7 ±556.6 | 3335.3 ±550.9 | <0.001a | <0.001b | 0.002b | 0.115b |
Birth weight categories (gram) | <0.001c | <0.001c | 0.002c | 0.038cd | |||
<1500 | 0.5 (18) | 0.8 (32) | 1.0 (30) | ||||
1500–2499 | 5.0 (178) | 4.9 (195) | 4.3 (126) | ||||
2500–3499 | 56.2 (2008) | 50.2 (2011) | 52.7 (1531) | ||||
3500–4499 | 37.2 (1328) | 42.2 (1690) | 40.2 (1167) | ||||
≥4500 | 1.1 (40) | 1.9 (75) | 1.8 (52) | ||||
Resuscitation characteristics | |||||||
Resuscitation kit present | 92.7 (3313) | 93.5 (3742) | 93.6 (2721) | 0.276c | |||
Bag/mask resuscitator present | 91.0 (3252) | 98.1 (3923) | 97.8 (2842) | <0.001c | <0.001c | <0.001c | 0.456c |
Stimulation | 31.0 (1109) | 27.6 (1104) | 34.4 (1001) | <0.001c | 0.001c | <0.004c | <0.001c |
Suction | 28.2 (1009) | 23.6 (943) | 28.0 (815) | <0.001c | <0.001c | 0.857c | <0.001c |
Bag/mask ventilation | 7.0 (249) | 8.0 (319) | 8.5 (248) | 0.056c | |||
APGAR 1 min | 8.6 ±1.2 | 8.5 ±1.5 | 8.5 ±1.4 | 0.537a | |||
APGAR 5 min | 9.8 ±1.2 | 9.7 ±1.5 | 9.7 ±1.4 | <0.001a | 0.006b | <0.001b | 0.049bd |
Low APGAR 1 min (APGAR ≤7) | 4.0 (143) | 5.0 (200) | 5.7 (167) | 0.005a | 0.038ad | 0.001a | 0.170a |
Low APGAR 5 min (APGAR ≤7) | 2.3 (81) | 3.9 (157) | 4.2 (123) | <0.001c | <0.001c | <0.001c | 0.518c |
Perinatal outcome at 30 min | 0.013c | 0.008c | 0.013c | 0.563c | |||
Normal | 93.6 (3345) | 91.6 (3666) | 91.6 (2662) | ||||
Admitted neonatal unit | 5.0 (179) | 6.5 (262) | 6.9 (200) | ||||
Death | 0.3 (9) | 0.3 (13) | 0.3 (10) | ||||
Fresh stillbirth | 1.1 (39) | 1.5 (62) | 1.2 (34) | ||||
Neonatal outcome at 24 h | 0.003c | 0.002c | 0.012c | 0.261c | |||
Normal | 95.1 (3396) | 93.0 (3723) | 93.5 (2715) | ||||
Still in the neonatal care unit | 3.2 (114) | 4.4 (178) | 4.0 (116) | ||||
Death | 0.6 (23) | 1.0 (40) | 1.3 (38) |