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Table 2 Newborn characteristics, resuscitation characteristics, and outcome of live births and fresh stillbirths (n= 10,481). Values are given as mean± SD or percentage (number)

From: Newborn resuscitation simulation training and changes in clinical performance and perinatal outcomes: a clinical observational study of 10,481 births

 

Period 1

Baseline

Period 2

Individual skill training

Period 3

Local champions

P value

Period 1 vs 2

Period 1 vs 3

Period 2 vs 3

01.09.15–31.08.16

01.09.16–30.09.17

01.10.17–31.08.18

    

Births (n)

3572

4003

2906

    

Newborn characteristics

Gestational age (week)

38.8 ±1.9

38.7 ±1.9

38.6 ±2.0

0.003a

0.620b

0.001b

0.005b

Preterm

2.9 (103)

3.8 (151)

4.1 (118)

0.024c

0.032cd

0.009c

0.540c

Birth weight (gram)

3302.4 ±523.6

3357.7 ±556.6

3335.3 ±550.9

<0.001a

<0.001b

0.002b

0.115b

Birth weight categories (gram)

   

<0.001c

<0.001c

0.002c

0.038cd

  <1500

0.5 (18)

0.8 (32)

1.0 (30)

    

  1500–2499

5.0 (178)

4.9 (195)

4.3 (126)

    

  2500–3499

56.2 (2008)

50.2 (2011)

52.7 (1531)

    

  3500–4499

37.2 (1328)

42.2 (1690)

40.2 (1167)

    

  ≥4500

1.1 (40)

1.9 (75)

1.8 (52)

    

Resuscitation characteristics

Resuscitation kit present

92.7 (3313)

93.5 (3742)

93.6 (2721)

0.276c

   

Bag/mask resuscitator present

91.0 (3252)

98.1 (3923)

97.8 (2842)

<0.001c

<0.001c

<0.001c

0.456c

Stimulation

31.0 (1109)

27.6 (1104)

34.4 (1001)

<0.001c

0.001c

<0.004c

<0.001c

Suction

28.2 (1009)

23.6 (943)

28.0 (815)

<0.001c

<0.001c

0.857c

<0.001c

Bag/mask ventilation

7.0 (249)

8.0 (319)

8.5 (248)

0.056c

   

APGAR 1 min

8.6 ±1.2

8.5 ±1.5

8.5 ±1.4

0.537a

   

APGAR 5 min

9.8 ±1.2

9.7 ±1.5

9.7 ±1.4

<0.001a

0.006b

<0.001b

0.049bd

Low APGAR 1 min (APGAR ≤7)

4.0 (143)

5.0 (200)

5.7 (167)

0.005a

0.038ad

0.001a

0.170a

Low APGAR 5 min (APGAR ≤7)

2.3 (81)

3.9 (157)

4.2 (123)

<0.001c

<0.001c

<0.001c

0.518c

Perinatal outcome at 30 min

   

0.013c

0.008c

0.013c

0.563c

 Normal

93.6 (3345)

91.6 (3666)

91.6 (2662)

    

 Admitted neonatal unit

5.0 (179)

6.5 (262)

6.9 (200)

    

 Death

0.3 (9)

0.3 (13)

0.3 (10)

    

 Fresh stillbirth

1.1 (39)

1.5 (62)

1.2 (34)

    

Neonatal outcome at 24 h

   

0.003c

0.002c

0.012c

0.261c

 Normal

95.1 (3396)

93.0 (3723)

93.5 (2715)

    

 Still in the neonatal care unit

3.2 (114)

4.4 (178)

4.0 (116)

    

 Death

0.6 (23)

1.0 (40)

1.3 (38)

    
  1. Fresh stillbirth is reported for perinatal outcome at 30 min
  2. aKruskal-Wallis test
  3. bMann-Whitney test
  4. cChi-square test
  5. dNot significant after Bonferroni correction